For the fifth year in a row, WIAReport has surveyed the nation’s highest-ranking co-educational liberal arts colleges to determine the percentage of women in this year’s entering classes. This year, for the fourth time, we also report on gender differences in acceptance rates at these schools and whether women have made gains in enrollments at these colleges compared to where they were a year ago.
We note here that several of the nation’s leading liberal arts colleges are educational institutions for women. These include Smith College, Bryn Mawr College, Wellesley College, Scripps College, and Mount Holyoke College. Because only women are admitted to on-campus undergraduate programs at these highly regarded colleges, they were not included in this survey which focuses on gender differences in enrollments and acceptance rates.
Of the 20 high-ranking liberal arts colleges that responded to our survey, women were a majority of the entering students at 14 schools while there were more men than women in the entering classes at only six liberal arts schools. A year ago when 19 high-ranking liberal arts colleges responded to our survey, women were a majority of the entering students at 13 schools.
There are wide variations in the percentage of women in the first-year classes at these highly rated liberal arts institutions. Four years ago, Oberlin College in Ohio had the highest percentage of women in its first-year class. Three years ago, Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, had the highest percentage of women in its entering class. But now for their third year in a row women make up the largest percentage of the entering class at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, among the liberal arts colleges that responded to our survey. Women make up 60.2 percent of the entering students at Macalester this year. A year ago, women were 63 percent of entering students.
Oberlin College, Colgate University, Wesleyan University, and Vassar College all have entering classes that are at least 55 percent women.
At the other extreme, women make up only 45.6 percent of the entering students at Harvey Mudd College in Claremont, California. That is the lowest percentage of women at any of the nation’s leading liberal arts colleges in our survey. This prestigious school is heavily oriented toward STEM disciplines where women have traditionally been underrepresented.
Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, has the second lowest percentage of women in its entering class at 45.9 percent. Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia, has the third lowest percentage of women in its entering class among the liberal arts colleges in our survey. The only other three high-ranking liberal arts colleges where men are a majority of the entering class are Davidson College in North Carolina, Claremont McKenna College in Claremont, California, and Williams College in Massachusetts.
Three years ago there were more leading liberal arts colleges that showed a drop in women first-year students than those that posted a gain. But now for the third time in a row the opposite is true. For the 19 schools for which we have data for each year, 12 show an increase in women in their entering classes. Only seven show a decline.
Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, led the group with a large 11.9 percent increase in the number of first-year women students. In past surveys, Lafayette usually had a majority of men in its entering class. At Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania the number of women in the entering class is up 6.5 percent from a year ago. First year enrollments of women were up at least 5 percent at Amherst College in Massachusetts, Harvey Mudd College and Claremont McKenna College.
In contrast, the number of entering women students at Trinity College is down almost 12 percent from a year ago. Washington and Lee University has 10.9 percent fewer women in its first-year class than was the case a year ago. Other top liberal arts colleges that show a decline in women first-year students were Oberlin College, Davidson College, Pomona College, Williams College, and Bucknell University.
It is well known that nationwide women outpace men in college enrollments, graduation rates, and degrees earned. Because of a large and growing gender gap in enrollments at many colleges and universities, it has become easier for men to gain admission to some colleges and universities. Now, just because men have a higher acceptance rate than women at a given institution does not necessarily mean that men have received an unfair admissions advantage. A particular college or university may simply have had an outstanding pool of male applicants in a given year.
We will simply present the data and let readers make their own conclusions. In most cases, differences in acceptance rates were small. Of the 19 highly rated liberal arts colleges that supplied data, we find that women were accepted at a higher rate than men at nine institutions. Men were accepted at a higher rate than women at 10 liberal arts colleges.
The greatest difference in favor of women was at Harvey Mudd College, which as stated is heavily focused on STEM disciplines. At this highly rated college, 21.4 percent of women were accepted for admission compared to only 9.4 percent of male applicants. Thus, there was a very large acceptance rate gap in favor of women of 12 percentage points. Two years ago, the gap in acceptance rates in favor of women at Harvey Mudd College was 19.2 percentage points
The next highest acceptance rate gap was at Lafayette College. There, women had an acceptance rate that was 9 percentage points higher than the acceptance rate for men. Lafayette, which did not accept women until 1971, has a large contingent of engineering students, a field where women are traditionally not well represented. At Macalester College, women were accepted at a rate nearly five percentage points higher than the rate for men. No other high-ranking liberal arts colleges had an admission advantage for women of greater than 3 percentage points.
Vassar College, which was once a women’s college, has an acceptance rate for men that is significantly higher than the rate for women. In 2015, Vassar accepted 35.3 percent of male applicants but only 21.5 percent of women applicants. This is, by a large margin, the largest acceptance rate gap in favor of men at the nation’s leading liberal arts colleges. Wesleyan University and Davidson College were the only other leading liberal arts colleges where the acceptance rate for men was more than 3 percentage points higher than the acceptance rate for women.