All Entries in the "Research/Study" Category
How COVID-19 Impacted Pre-Term Birth Rates in the United States
A new study led by Daniel Dench of the Georgia Institute of Technology, found that premature births from cesarean and induced deliveries fell by 6.5 percent during the first month of the Covid-19 pandemic and remained consistently in the ensuing months. The research raises questions about medical interventions in pregnancy and whether some decisions by doctors may result in unnecessary preterm deliveries.
Women Are More Frequently Interrupted Than Men in Congressional Committee Meetings
A study by scholars at Barnard College in New York City and Emory University in Atlanta found that women members of Congress are significantly more likely to be interrupted than men during congressional committee hearings. The interruptions are even more frequent when the committees discussed women’s issues, including reproductive rights, abortion, and child care.
New Government Data Show Gender Differences in How Americans Spend Their Day
New data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics finds gender differences in how much time men and women spent on various activities in 2021. For example, women spend an average of 2.33 hours per day on household activities (cooking, cleaning, etc.) Men spend an average of 1.54 hours on household chores.
Texas A&M University Examines Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence Targeting Women Politicians
The report asserts that technology-facilitated gender-based violence threatens democracy by normalizing gendered abuse and spreading disinformation to discourage women from participating in the political process and delegitimizing female politicians in the eyes of voters. While there is a space for women in politics, it is not a safe one,” the report states.
The Rising Plague of Sexual Assault on College Campuses
The number of reported forcible sex offenses on campus increased steadily between 2014 and 2018, from 6,800 to 12,400 incidents (an 83 percent increase, or an average increase of about 16 percent per year). The rate for reported forcible sex offenses increased from 1.7 incidents per 10,000 students in 2009 to 8.0 incidents per 10,000 students in 2019.
Women-Owned Money Management Firms Get Only a Trickle of Business From University Endowment Funds
The 12 universities that agreed to participate in the survey have more than $195 billion in endowment assets. Of the total, $97.36 billion in assets were under the management of U.S.-based firms as of the fiscal year ending June 30, 2021. Of this nearly $100 billion in invested assets, only $4.4 billion was under the management of firms owned by women.
Study Finds That Women Do Not Receive the Credit They Deserve in Scientific Research
The results of the study showed that women who worked on a research project were 13 percent less likely to be named as authors in related scientific articles compared to their male colleagues. Furthermore, women were 59 percent less likely than men to be named on patents related to projects that they both worked on.
Fifty Years After Title IX, We Are Very Far From Gender Equity in College Athletics
In the NCAA’s Divison 1, women now make up 47.1 percent of all student athletes. Yet 54 percent of all students in Division 1 schools are women.The difference between median total expenses for men’s and women’s programs at Football Bowl Subdivision schools has grown from $12.7 million in 2009 to $25.6 million in 2019.
Study Examines The Low Percentage of Women in the Academic Discipline of Finance
New research by Renee B. Adams of the University of Oxford and Jing Xu of the University of Technology in Sydney, Australia, finds that women are vastly underrepresented in the field of finance. But those women who do progress to the top of the profession are more successful than their male counterparts.
Women Are a Small Fraction of Editorial Board Members in Environmental Science and Public Health Journals
The authors examined the gender makeup of the editorial boards of 591 journals in the fields of environmental sciences and public health. More than 75 percent of all journals had editorial boards that were at least 55 percent male. Only 13.2 percent of the journals had editorial boards where men made up between 45 and 55 percent of all members.
Banishing the Stereotype That Women Do Not Perform Well in College-Level Physics
Researchers at Texas A&M University gathered data from 10,000 students over the course of 10 years. All students had taken introductory physics courses, of which exam scores and final averages were analyzed. According to the data, there was no evidence that female students performed worse in these specific courses.
Alcohol Increasingly Has Become a Contributing Factor in Campus Sexual Assaults
Research led by Mary Koss, a Regents’ Professor in the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health at the University of Arizona, shows that 30 years ago, 50 percent of women who were assaulted were inebriated at the time of the assault. In the most recent study, 75 percent of the women college students said they were inebriated.
Study Finds a Persistent and Longstanding Gender Gap in Leadership Aspirations
A new study finds that women in the United States are still less likely than men to express a desire to take on leadership or managerial roles. The gender gap in leadership aspirations, which has remained relatively constant over six decades, translated into more than two male leaders to every one female leader at the highest levels.
Is There a Gender Gap in Opportunities for Higher Education in Prison?
Researchers found that in some cases the educational opportunities for women inmates do not match those available to men. For example, men in Texas persons have access to more than triple the number of higher education degrees that women do. Incarcerated men can also pursue master’s degrees, while women can only obtain a bachelor’s degree.
UCLA-Led Study Finds Increased Levels of Depression During Pregnancy Impacts Children’s Behaviors
The seven-year study, which tracked mothers and their offspring from preconception until the children were 5 years old, is the first to demonstrate how changes in mothers’ level of depression over time may impact early childhood behavior and emotional well-being, according to the authors.
Study Finds Gender Differences in Qualifications for Appointment to the Federal Bench
A new study by scholars at the University of Louisville, Yale University, and Oregon State University finds that women of color appointed to the federal judiciary typically have a greater depth of professional experiences and are more likely to have previously served as a judge than their White male counterparts.
USA Today Study Reveals How Colleges Manipulate Their Team Rosters to Comply With Title IX
The report found that colleges and universities are padding the rosters of women’s sports teams by including athletes who do not compete and counting male practice players as members of women’s sports teams.
Why Women in the Workplace Have Negative Responses to Supposedly-Positive Gendered Stereotypes
A new study co-authored by Devon Proudfoot, assistant professor of human resource studies at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, finds that women feel more frustrated than men by the gendered expectations placed on them at work, even when those expectations appear to signal women’s virtues.
Northwestern University Study Finds an Alarming Rise in Blood Pressure Disorders Among Pregnant Women
Researchers examined data on 6 million births between 2007 and 2019. They found that the rate of high blood pressure-related disorders among pregnant individuals more than doubled over the 12-year period, from 38.4 per 1,000 live births in 2007 to 77.8 in 2019.
Since the Pandemic Began, 665,000 Fewer Women Are Enrolled in Higher Education
Community colleges contributed most to this loss with 251,000 fewer women. This was a drop of 9.2 percent. During the same period, male enrollments in community colleges declined by 5.6 percent. Decreases were smaller at private four-year colleges and universities.
Study of Facebook Data Examines Worldwide Gender Differences in Preferences
Research by scholars at Southern Methodist University in Dallas and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid in Spain examined how the difference in preferences between men and women changes with a country’s degree of gender equality.
Study Finds Breastfed Babies Have Better Cognitive Abilities Through at Least Age 14
A new study led by researchers at the University of Oxford in England shows that babies who were breastfed for six months or longer scored higher on tests measuring verbal and spatial relations skills up until age 14 when compared with kids who weren’t breastfed as babies even after adjusting for socioeconomic status and the mother’s level of education.
Young Women Are Better Educated But Are Still Less Likely to Have Good Jobs
Even though young women are more likely to have good jobs than women in the earlier generation, they are still substantially less likely than young men to have good jobs. These gaps have not closed even though young women have higher levels of postsecondary education than young men.
After the Pandemic Struck, College-Educated Women Stayed in the Labor Force
The number of women with a college degree and children under age 4 who were at work was almost 4 percentage points higher in spring 2021 compared with spring 2018, while mothers of young children without a college degree saw a drop of 4.4 percentage points in their work status.
Report Finds NASA Needs to Do More to Increase the Number of Women Space Researchers
A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine finds that the National Aeronautics and Space Administration must do more to increase the diversity of scientists who are selected to conduct research for the agency.
National Study Finds Harmful Levels of Chemicals and Pesticides in Pregnant Women
Researchers measured 103 chemicals in a nationwide group of pregnant women. They found that more than 80 percent of the chemicals were found in at least one of the women in the study, and more than a third of the chemicals were found in a majority of the participants.
University of California Study Finds an Unwelcoming Environment for Women of Color in the Tech Workplace
Over two-thirds of the women of color in the study reported some form of sexual harassment. Nearly one quarter reported unwanted physical contact, and almost 10 percent reported having lost opportunities like promotions or career-enhancing assignments due to sexual harassment.
Young Women With Chest Pain Linger Longer in Emergency Room Waiting Areas Than Young Men
A new study led by Darcy Banco, chief resident for safety and quality in the department of medicine at New York University Grossman School of Medicine, finds that younger women experiencing chest pain – the most common symptom of a heart attack – wait longer to get care in the emergency room than their respective male counterparts.
How the Appointment of Women Leaders Can Alter the Mindset of Organizations
A new study finds that when women serve as CEOs or board members at a firm, language at the organization shifts, and women are more likely to be associated with traits such as decisiveness and assertiveness – qualities typically associated with male leaders.
Marquette University Study Examines How Employers Can Combat Domestic Violence
Researchers at the Institute for Women’s Leadership at Marquette University in Milwaukee interviewed domestic violence survivors to better understand the impact of domestic violence on employment experiences and guide workplace policies moving forward.
Study Finds That Presidential Elections Can Impact Women’s Fertility Rates
New research led by scholars at the University of California, San Diego, finds that Republican-leaning counties saw a sharp rise in birth rates compared to Democratic-leaning counties after Donald J. Trump’s surprise win in the 2016 presidential election. Democratic counties, on the other hand, experienced a baby slump.
Explaining the High-Level of Educational Attainment of Jewish Girls
A new study led by Ilana Horwitz, an assistant professor in the department of Jewish studies at Tulane University in New Orleans, finds that girls raised by Jewish parents are 23 percentage points more likely to graduate from college than girls with a non-Jewish upbringing even after accounting for their parents’ socioeconomic status.
University of Southern California Study Looks at the Status of Women in the Recording Industry
In 2021, 23.3 percent of artists on the Billboard Hot 100 Year-End Chart were women. Women were 14.4 percent of the songwriters of these hit songs. For producers, women held only 3.9 percent of all producing positions across the songs on the 2021 Billboard Hot 100 Year-End Charts.
Academic Study Finds Women CFOs Are Better Communicators Than Their Male Counterparts
Despite far fewer women than men holding top finance positions, women chief financial officers (CFOs) may be the better choice for the role, according to new research of earnings calls from 2,800 U.S. companies over a 10-year period. Kate Suslava, an assistant professor of accoutning at Buckneell Univerity in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, Julia Klevak, vice presidentat […]
New Census Report Documents Shifting Pattern of When Women Are Having Children
There were major changes in fertility rates by age during the 1990-to-2019 period . The Census analysis shows fertility rates of women ages 20-24 declined by 43 percent during the period, while those of women ages 35-39 increased by 67 percent during the roughly 30-year period.
